A fire-fighting vehicle is a motor vehicle, which is used by the fire-brigade in the context of its employment activity. In order to be able to take in the traffic special rights in requirement, are particularly characterized and with special signals equipped the fire-fighting vehicles. In Europe they (e.g. ral 3000) and/or shine-red (e.g. ral 3024) are usually red painted and one or more blue in Spain yellow and in the USA red Rundumkennleuchte have a subsequent clay/tone horn depending upon country and.

Fire-fighting vehicles are usually accommodated in fire stations.

Requirements

A fire-fighting vehicle must be particularly arranged and furnished

• for the admission of a crew,
• for the admission of a fire-brigade-technical loading,
• for the admission of delete and other resources.

Further the selection of a fire-fighting vehicle depends on different criteria:

• after the size of the place,
• after the topography of the operational area,
• after the main sources of danger in the operational area.

Fire-fighting vehicles take more jeher a privileged position as employment vehicles within the commercial motor vehicles since. The citizens link high expectations with them. The demands, which are made concerning building and equipment, are accordingly high.

Variants

Historically organization caused

The today organization of the fire-fighting vehicles into different variants is based to a large extent on their historical development.

• Delete vehicles serve with priority the purpose of the deletion of fires, the people rescue and for the execution of technical assistance smaller to middle extent. Delete vehicles divided into the categories of delete's group vehicles, carrying capacity syringe vehicles and other delete vehicles.
  • Delete's group vehicles are the Allround vehicles under the standardized delete vehicles of the German fire-brigades. Their crew consists of a delete's group of 9 persons. Delete's group vehicles with a firmly inserted vehicle pump, extensive are equipped for fire fighting, leaders and for technical assistance. A part of the delete's group vehicles (e.g. LF 16/12, LF 24) is equipped with a water tank. According to the new standard the vehicles of any more LF8, 16 or 24 are not called separate LF10/6, LF20/16 or HLF20/16.
  • transport large quantities of fire extinguishing agent (mainly water, partially foam means), are equipped with a firmly inserted pump and usually have because of the larger fire extinguishing agent tank over fewer and smaller crews (either 6 firefighters, "relay crew" or 3 firefighters, "troop crew"). Most have a Allradanrieb. There are e.g. several kinds of TLF TLF16/25 (6 persons), TLF 16/24 (3 persons), TLF24/50 (3 persons). According to the new standard the vehicles TLF20/40 and TLF20/40-S are called (with foam).
  • Carrying capacity syringe vehicles are the smallest self-propelled delete vehicles at the German fire-brigades. They are equipped with material for fire fighting and for the execution of technical assistance of smaller extent - e.g. with toolboxes and -. Two types of carrying capacity syringe vehicles are standardized: The carrying capacity syringe vehicle TSF and the carrying capacity syringe vehicle water (TSF-W). Both carry a Tragkraftspritze (TS), transportable with four task forces, the only in each case pump of the vehicle. The TSF-W has a water tank with 500l contents contrary to the TSF. This vehicle standard was introduced, in order to increase the impact force of small fire-brigades. The crew amounts to with both types 6 men in each case.

• • other delete vehicles are not no more standardized or. Particularly at Werkfeuerwehren or at fire-brigades in large cities vehicles however quite occur, which have special fire extinguishing agents. Thus there are e.g. powder delete vehicles (also: TroLF and/or drying tank delete vehicles TroTLF), which can transport larger quantities of fire-ex. powder to the employment place, special which lead only foam means or a employment-finished foam water mixture with itself. Further there are delete vehicles, which do not fit due to their fire extinguishing agent composition or another loading into the standard pattern.
• Stroke rescue vehicles are in the majority turning leaders, in addition, joint and telescope masts. They serve for the people rescue, for the fire fighting from the outside and also for illuminating of employment places.
• Vehicles for technical assistance: and are equipped for technical assistance. They have usually only 3 men crew, in order to be able to transport as much as possible devices and heavy aggregates. All have a generator set and sometimes also a derrick an inserted rope hoist. For the technical assistance there are various special vehicles so among other things:
  • Crane vehicles: Since with technical employments the loads which can be moved continue to increase, then also crane vehicles, from simple derricks to heavy truck cranes, are used which can lift also railway carriages, at the fire-brigade. These are stationed due to the costs naturally only with individual bases, which cover a large area. Normally these are placed however by commercial offerers, who have an emergency call readiness.

• • Special vehicles for danger-property-in-corrode
  are particularly equipped for employments with danger property or radioactive substances. To it also special measuring vehicles belong. (See also: TUIS)

Allround vehicles

Progress in the development of the vehicle technology (lighter materials such as aluminum, more stable constructions, more efficient engines) makes it possible to summarize functions, which had to be noticed before by different vehicles, in a vehicle. As the first delete's group vehicles were equipped with a water tank, in order to lose with a fire employment no time for the structure of a fire-fighting water supply. One could have called these vehicles "tank delete's group vehicles", called her however in Germany confuse-entangles further delete's group vehicles. Actually today most types of delete's group vehicles have fire fighting waters on board. Still if the water tanks were from the outside recognizable with old , then they are today accommodated inside the tool-storage rooms, so that delete's group vehicles and are to be differentiated today for the layman hardly still from each other.

As next step devices were taken up for technical assistance (in particular the hydraulic rescue set and at the vehicle frame fastened rope hoists) also to the loading of delete's group vehicles. These vehicles are called for example preparation delete vehicles in Austria, assistance delete vehicles (HLF) or delete assistance vehicles (LHF) in Germany. Thus Allround with high tactical employment value developed. Details are to be taken from the country-specific articles.

With many large weirs the vehicle procurement concept put on on a long-term basis plans to only use these modern delete's group vehicles (and naturally turning leaders) for the initial application. Equipment or material for larger employments is kept available in unreeling containers or on a structure of change and brought if necessary from change loader vehicles to the employment place.

Special forms of these are assistance tank delete vehicle (HTLF) and assistance delete's group vehicle (HLF).

The functions "delete vehicle" and "turning leader" in a vehicle to summarize, in the past decades one tried several times, but none of these concepts could become generally accepted. Either the combination vehicle was too large and too heavy or the turning leaders was too short. In addition it comes that in many employment places the positions for turning leaders and delete vehicle must be different. For example the turning leaders at the window front one needs, in order to save persons, while the delete vehicle in the proximity of the house entrance must be set up. With a combination vehicle thus often no optimal employment would be possible. Nothing the despite pointed itself in the last two years a tendency to the acquisition of such combination vehicles. Above all smaller fire-brigades, those due to legal regulations now turning leaders to reproach nevertheless must show interest in such deletion leader combinations. Meanwhile also joint mast of combination vehicles is offered by different manufacturers.

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