A fiber is a thing flexible thin in relation to the length and. Fibers cannot take up pressure, but only traction powers, since they break during pressure load. In nature and technology fibers occur in a larger group, them all mostly form a certain structure.

Fibers occur in nature and technology frequently, since two phenomena are to be observed:

• A structure from fibers is more firmly and frequently more rigid than a construction of the same form from the compact material "from the full one".
• Two fibers are together rotated more strongly than both individual.

Fibers distinguish themselves of staffs because of their break rigidity lacking, from wires differentiate between them the smaller diameter.

Organization

Fibers can be divided according to their origin, length, condition or their use. Fibers of limited length are pile fibers, in principle infinitely long fibers of filaments and/or Endlos-Fasern. Straight one in the German-speaking countries prevails a certain confusion around expressions. DIN 60000 and 60001 introduce the term chemical fibre as translation of the English expression one larva fibre. This translation is problematic, since humans can use also purely physical effects for the production of fibers (example glass fibers). The expression chemical fibre should not therefore be used also since all fibers have a chemical composition. Thus cotton consists for instance of cellulose - exactly like the viscose rayon manufactured by humans.

Here the fibers are therefore in natural fibers and artificial fibers (English: one larva of fibres) to be divided. As artificial fibers both fibers from native are therefore to understand (vegetable or animalischen) as well as synthetic polymers.

This organization is ajar against ISO 6938 and 2076.

Fibers can be determined by the different qualitative (Brennprobe) and quantitative methods. With the Brennprobe the flame (soot development) becomes, the smell, which observes pH value of the smoke and the consistency of the arrears"Â…

Natural fibers

Vegetable fibers

Vegetable fibers occur with plants as guidance bundles in the or trunk and as seed extensions. Here a list with the valid abbreviation for DIN

• Seed fibers
  • Cotton (CO) from the Samenhaaren of the fruit of the cotton plant
  • Kapok (kp) from the inside of the cap fruit of the genuine Kapokbaumes
  • Pappelflaum (n.n.)

• Phloem fibers
  • Bamboo fiber (n.n.)
  • To Brennnessel, see also Nesseltuch
  • Hemp (hectar)
  • Jute (JU)
  • Linen (left) from the flax plant
  • Ramie (RA)

• Hard fibers
  • Wood fibers
  • Sisal (SI) from the sheets of the sisal agave
  • Manila hard fiber from the sheets of a kind of banana

• Fruit fibers
  • Kokos (CC) from the of the

Fibers of animal origin

With animals the hair follicles form fibers. Exceptions are silk (packing of verpuppter silk crawler-type vehicles) and muscle fibers, quasi-cellular kontraktile components of the muscle. Fray the textile to use leave themselves are:

• Wools and purifies Tierhaare
  • Wool of sheep (WHERE) (fleece wool WV) usually won by annual shearing and also called fleece wool.
  • Alpaka, Lama, Vikunja, Guanako are the hair of the kinds of Lama and/or sheep camels of the same name. The hair is finely, softly, shining and few rippled/crinkled.
  • Angora (WA) (of hair of the Angorakaninchen), Kanin (usual rabbit hair) are very finely, smooth and very easy. There they water vapour well take up are materials from Kanin much warm-holding.
  • Kashmir (WG) one wins by and sorts the Flaum or Grannenhaare of the Kashmir goat. These hair is as finely as the finest Merinowolle and clothing from Kashmir is therefore finely, softly, easily and shining.
  • Camel hair (WK) is the Flaumhaar of the camels, the animals throws off it annually. It is very finely, softly and easily rippled/crinkled and beige brown.
  • Mohair (WM) designates the hair of the Angora or Mohairziege. They are long, easily lured and shining. Their color is white and it hardly felts.

• Rough Tierhaare
  • Ziegenhaar
  • Here above all the hair of the Yaks a textile meaning has cattle hair.
  • Rosshaar is very rough and in former times as pad and filling of mattresses was used.

• Silks
  • Maulbeerseide (SE) (breed silk) from the Kokon of the Maulbeerspinners, the silk crawler-type vehicle one wins.
  • Tussahseide (ST) (of game oaths) of the Kokon of the Tussahspinners living in the wild collected by trees and bushes one makes. Since the butterfly hatched here usually, the fibers are shorter and not abhaspelbar. A breed of the Tussahspinners did not succeed so far.
  • Shell silk

Mineral fibers of geological origin

Mineral fibers (fibers without organically bound carbon) occur naturally practically only in this form:

• Asbestos (AS)

Articles in category "Fiber"

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