Fritz spring (* 9. March 1887 in Pflugrade, Pommern, "† 6. July 1976 in Goettingen) be a German Anthropologe, Humangenetiker and public health specialist.

Life

Fritz spring came of to a family with a long tradition as farmers. It visited the Schiller material High School in Stettin, where it made 1905 the Abitur. Afterwards spring went to Berlin, where it operated scientific and philosophical studies.

1906 pulled Fritz spring to Freiburg in mash gau, where he studied medicine. He was there a pupil Eugen Fischer. Together with its teacher it stepped 1909 as cand. med. secretaries of the local's group of the international society for eugenics. There he became acquainted with also Alfred Ploetz and became also its pupil. In Freiburg 1912 the medical state examination took place. Subsequently, it was attained a doctorate to 1913 there.

Over the race-hygenic society he became acquainted with max of Gruber beside Alfred Ploetz also, director of the hygenic institute in Munich. Both convinced spring to Munich umzusiedlen. From Gruber 1913 offered a guest assistant place at its Institut to it, and of Ploetz he took over 1913 (until 1933) the publication of the magazine "archives for race and society biology "(ARGB).

In a chemistry course in Munich he became acquainted with his first Mrs. Emmy Weitz, which he married 1915. 1919 drew the family after Herrsching on the bunting lake. In the same year it habilitierte itself at the University of Munich in the subject hygiene with of Gruber with a work over "Erfhrungen over heritability and degeneration at butterflies ". it with Eugen Fischer and Erwin Baur the influential published 1921, from Hitler in the fortress detention in Landsberg into my fight trained standard work "sketch of the human heritability teachings and eugenics ". it received 1923 at the University of Munich the first chair for eugenics in Germany (a term, which Ploetz coined/shaped).

1928 died his Mrs. Emmy at a blood poisoning. From this marriage the sons Hanfried (1916), Widukind (1919) and Friedrich (1922) followed.

1933 took over spring at the University of Berlin the chair for social hygiene, justified by Alfred Grotjahn. He was there a professor for hygiene and hereditary teachings. Later he became also a director of the department of Eugenik at the institute for emperor William for anthropology. Since the appointment Otmar of Verschuers, a pupil of spring, 1942 to the director of the institute for emperor William, was to a large extent independent the Lenz department in the institute federation.

With effect 1. May 1937 was taken up spring to the NSDAP. 1939 it became also member of the American Eugenics Society. In the national socialism it was involved in the obligation sterilization of all colored German children ("Rhine land hybrids "). It was member in expert adviser for population and racial policy, author of two memoranda for race and settlement principal office of the SS (RuSHA) to the Ostkolonisation. In addition it was involved in the preparation of an euthanasia law for cancer patient and "useless Esser ". In the last war years he withdrew increasingly and could in the winter 1944 because of depressive detuning be given time off. For "recovery" it set off from Berlin to Westphalia to relatives of its wife. From there out it still took up 1944/45 contact in the winter to the William university to and already held in March 1945 a lecture. Because hopes for assumption did not seem to fulfill itself into the medical faculty into and a chair, it finally strives for a Professur at the University of Goettingen.

From 1946 to 1955 he was an extraordinary professor for human hereditary teachings in Goettingen. Despite his involving in the national socialism to property it was held for it that he would not have openly politically expressed himself "". Spring said on demands that the fate of the murdered Jews would do much wrong to it. It considered the possibility of a high selecting of the human races regardless of its also after 1945 scientifically proven.

Its son Widukind spring was likewise Humangenetiker; admits became it by the discovery of the active substance Thalidomid in the medicine contergan and its commitment with the clearing-up of the contergan scandal.

Work

With spring the eugenics received a political dimension to clearly National Socialist coinage. Thus spring stated 1932 "the state idea of the Fascismus has anyway a nature relationship with the race-hygenic idea. While the liberal and in the reason also the social-democratic on the individualistischen world view were based to view of state, the Fascismus does not recognize an eigenvalue of the individual on. "

The affinity from spring to pre+National Socialist conceptions developed very early and in connection with its activities for the German society for eugenics. Thus it engaged itself in secret organization created by Alfred Ploetz 1907 within the society "ring of the Norda ", which as a goal one aimed at "improvement of the Nordi race ".

Spring examined the areas of the transmission of human diseases (so-called hereditary diseases) and the healthy attitude of human property (hereditary health teachings) with special interest. The results published it 1921 and 1932 together with Erwin Baur and Eugen Fischer in its two-restrained Hauptwerk: "Human heritability teachings and eugenics". The work appeared in 5. Editions, 1936, under the title "human hereditary teachings". It became the standard work of the eugenics and human hereditary teachings and became briefly BFL or "Baur Fischer spring" called. "Baur Fischer spring" remained into the 70's test literature.

With this work and the 1933 writing "the race as value principle" offered spring and beside it colleague such as Eugen Fischer and Ernst the national socialist a scientific darwinistisch justified justification for the so-called published eliminate "lebensunwerten life". It was a process, which developed nearly automatically the Genozid camouflaged by the "euthanasia" to with the term "final solution of the Jew question" to the Jew.

The Rezeption of the standard work "Baur Fischer spring" by Hitler in "my fight" commentated spring 1931 with the words: "Anyhow it (Hitler) made itself the substantial thoughts of the eugenics and its meaning with large mental susceptibility and energy own, while most academic authorities face these questions still rather understandingless."

For the Humangenetiker the connection of race and soul was the actually substantial in the "race question". Thus he justifies the of laws of 1938 in this connection: "Important as the outside characteristics is the descend-moderate origin of humans for its evaluation. A blond Jew is also a Jew. Yes, there are Jews, who have most outside characteristics of the nordischen race and which nevertheless are from Jewish kind of nature. The legislation of the National Socialist state defines a Jew therefore with good reason not after outside race characteristics, but after the descent".

Spring was active also as a censor within LV agencies and suppressed research projects and publications of other Anthropologen the deviating racistic concepts represented.

Publications

• Over the diseased hereditary factors of the man and the determination of the sex with humans: Investigations on somatic and idioplasmatische correlation between sex and pathological plant with special consideration of the Jena 1912
• To the term of the eugenics and its designation. in archives for race and society biology (ARGB) Bd 11, S 445-448, 1914-1915.
• German society for population politics in ARGB Bd 11, S 555-557, 1914-1915
• Race-hygenic population politics, into German policy 1, S 1658-1668, 1916
• and "maternity protection " in ARGB Bd 12, S 345-348, 1916-1918
• Suggestions on the population politics with special consideration of the economic situation after the war in ARGB Bd 12, S 440-468, 1916-1918
• The race as value principle. To the renewal of the ethics. Of Germany renewal 1, P. 35-56, 1917
• Overview of the eugenics., yearly courses for medical advanced training 8, S 16-50, 1917
• Introduction to the race hygiene of W. Schallmayer, Munich medical weekly revue Bd. 64, P. 554. , 1917
• William Schallmayer. In: Munich medical weekly revue 66, 1919, P. 1294-1296.
• Discussion of Hans's F.K. Ethnology of the German people in ARGB Bd 16, P. 99-111, 1924
• Alfred Ploetz to 70. Birthday., ARGB Bd 24, viii xv, 1930
• The position of the national socialism to the eugenics. in ARGB Bd 25, P. 300-308, 1931
• Human selection and eugenics, Munich 1932
• The race as value principle. To the renewal of the ethics. Munich 1933
• Over the conservation worthiness of the sexualness, in magazine for inductive descending and leaving teachings Bd 70, P. 448-452, 1935

Articles in category "Fritz spring"

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