Freibeuter were nationally waited Piraten in the Middle Ages and the early modern times, (above all 16. and 17.Jh.) on raid went. In the French area and in the Mediterranean area Freibeuter were also often called Korsaren.

Strictly speaking Freibeuter is a synonym for Piraten and pirates. Evenly make the "free" from booty. From the Netherlands word for it: "more vrijbuyter" the French developed "flibustiers" and from this the English "more filibuster" in the Caribbean Region. This Flibustiers acted with cape hereditary scoring of local governors and was thus actually Kaperfahrer. In German now Flibustiers is often translated with Freibeuter, whereby a certain uncertainty develops with the meaning of the word.

more to it in: Robert Bohn, the Piraten, C.H. Beck, Munich, 2003

In times of war the war-prominent parties tried to defeat not only the opposing war fleets to disturb but above all the opposing trading vessel travel. Since usually sufficient warships were not available for this purpose, frequently would cape-hereditarycall spent to private individuals, which permitted it to them, hostile trading vessels during the war too kapern. The gekaperten ships should then, depending upon cape-hereditarycalled, to a prize court in the home ports of the Freibeuter to be transferred. After a part of the booty, mostly 10-20%, became for which cape-hereditarycalled to the crown or the government one exhausted, the remaining booty among the owners and captains of the ships divided. The crews got usually no wages or pay, but were likewise involved in the booty.

As long as only opposing ships were attacked, the assaults were by cape-hereditarycalled covered. If own in addition, became or if allied ships attacked, which happened particularly in times of peace, the Freibeuter applied starting from this time as usual Piraten. A set of Freibeutern changed so the camp.

The most famous Freibeuter of the north and Baltic Sea came in the Middle Ages from the numbers of the

In particular the English queen Elizabeth I. supported the Freibeuterei against the Spaniards, partly even during officially between both countries peace prevailed. One the most well-known Freibeuter supported by it was Francis Drake.

"Modern trend

The historical figure of the Piraten, which lives on in the modern trend particularly in novels and filmings, is instrumentalisiert again and again because of their symbol strength in the present, in order for example offences against the author and trademark law in the eyes of a broad public to stigmatisieren - approximately by designations like "Internetpiraten" or "Produktpiraten".

In allusion on it Stephan Eissler does not only use the designation "modern trend Freibeuter" as style means, in order to refer the abuse of the author and trademark law (for example in connection with doubtful warnings) as legal however nevertheless morally despicable act for brandmarken and to any social consequences, but also actually points out some interesting parallels for the historical figure of the Freibeuters.

• Stephan Eissler: Modern Freibeuter

Literature

A literary representation of the Freibeuterwesens in the Elisabethani age is in the book Gasparan or the last travel of the Francis Drake (Benziger publishing house, Zurich 1996, ISBN 3-545-36531-X), published by Andreas Venzke.

From first hand of the life of the Freibeuter of the Karibik to read one knows the American pirates of Exquemelin 1968, earthling publishing house) into the Piratenbuch of 1678 -, where among other things the conquest of Panama is described by Henry Morgan. In the same publishing house under the title Freibeuter appeared also the reports on a journey of the Ozeanographen and hobby Freibeuters William Dampier.

A good, conception of the Freibeuterwesens one finds in David Cordinglys under black flag (1997, DTV) as well as in: Robert Bohn, the Piraten, (Munich 2003, C.H. Beck)

An interesting scientific book to the topic is the thesis Freibeuter in the Caribbean sea. To the emergence and social transformation of a historical edge movement of franc bar depression 1986, publishing house steam boat). Here one finds also an extensive bibliography.

Articles in category "Freibeuter"

We found here 3 articles.