Francesco Arcangeli (* around 1730 in the toskanischen village Campiglio di Cireglio with Pistoia; "† 1768 in Triest) were the murderer Johann Joachim Winckelmanns.

The cook Francesco Arcangeli would be probably unknown as murderers today completely, if the victim of its act from 8 June 1768 had not been in Triest the well-known archaeologist and art writer Johann Joachim Winckelmann. At the act time Arcangeli was about 38 years old.

Already before the murder at Winckelmann was Arcangeli culpable become among other things because of theft at its service gentleman in Vienna. It was not allowed to be thereafter in Austrian territories, to which Triest belonged however at that time.

Arcangelis was Winckelmanns next-door neighbor in the hotel Osteria Grande in Triest. Winckelmann makes friends itself with it and showed it gold and silver coins, which he had gotten given by empress Maria Theresia. By the sight of the coins motivated, tried Arcangeli first to its victim with a piece of rope. When that did not succeed, because angle man was nevertheless relatively strong, he stabbed him with five measurer passes.

Winckelmann died about six hours after the notice and could give still appropriate data so to the authorities the event.

Arcangeli tried to extract from a condemnation by escape, was however seized. Only on Winckelmanns statements, which exhibit an amazing clarity despite its lethal injuries, and on indications like bloody cord and measurer, but also on numerous testimonies could not access the authorities with the clearing-up. It came to repeated opinion polls both the accused and the witnesses. Arcangeli, which had to state several times, said - at least according to the documents - several times the untruth, since he hoped for a mitigation of punishment. It tried even to shift the debt to Winckelmann themselves because to it by showing the coins only the thought of the act had entered. The authorities did not miss also to catch up the cause of death by court-medical appraisals of several experts. Three of the five measurer passes on the body Winckelmanns were classified the appraisals of the experts according to as lethal and as causally for its death outstanding. Winckelmann resisted so violently the fact that in addition also its two hands were hurt, because he - which according to appraisals - repeated into the knife seized, in order to reject it of its body.

After the authorities had free of doubts proven Arcancelis debt after at that time an investigation extremely with the utmost care for conditions, he was condemned to death and executed still in the same year in Triest publicly through wheels.

The murder document to Winckelmann, by which we are informed about this course of events in detail, was rediscovered only 1963 by Cesare Pagnini. Beside this murder document there is a will Winckelmanns, which he had injury not written down however by own hand.

Domenico Rossetti had already asked about 40 years after the murder for file inspection, in order to be able to give a detail-faithful description of this incident, and these also receive. Its descriptions of Winckelmanns last life week on the basis the tri esters court records are present printed. In Rossettis description almost wins death Winckelmanns in the mirror of the fact situation of the court records courses tragic hero pos.

In the extensive Winckelmann literature in the run that soon 250 years numerous different explanations were discussed to the motives of the murder. Since that time the speculations over background the murder never grew silent, although admits the outside facts are. Again and again upon the fact it was speculated whether it had concerned murder with robbery, an argument under homosexual one, a murder in diplomatic affairs, an order murder of the Jesuiten or of competitive archaeologists. Recently Hein van Dolen, Mord in Triest published. The death of Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768) from a new view. (= Akzidenzen; Volume 10). Winckelmann society, Stendal 1998 '' the theory, it was not Winckelmann, which was killed in Triest. Who was the murdered one In addition does not give Dolen themselves an appearing plausible answer. (P. 46 f.) the assumption expresses Dolen that Winckelmann does not admit to the emperor and the empress to the time immediately after its murder no more was. That sounds not very convincing meanwhile. As probable however probably further the standard interpretation may be considered as murder with robbery.

Literature

• Domenico de Rossetti: Johann Winckelmann's last life week. A contribution to its biography. From the judicial Originalacten of the Kriminalprozesses of its murderer Arcangeli. Hrsg. of cathedral. v. Rossetti. With a Vorrede of and a facsimile Winckelmann's. Dresden 1818
• Domenico de Rossetti: IL sepolcro di Winckelmann in Trieste. Venice 1823
• Cesare Pagnini (Hrsg.): Murder document Winckelmann: the original documents of the Kriminalprozesses against the murderer Johann Joachim Winckelmanns (Triest 1768), found and in the wording of the original in Triest 1964. Translated and commentated of Heinrich Alexander Stoll. Academy publishing house Berlin 1965 (Italian expenditure: Gli atti originali del processo criminale by l'uccisione di Giovanni Winckelmann 1768. 1964)
• Franco Farina: Terminator point Triest. Suffering and death Johann Joachim Winckelmann. (= Akzidenzen; Volume 5). Winckelmann society, Stendal 1992 (barking trichloroethylene tables treatment of the topic)
• Hein van Dolen:

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