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The civilian emergency service (short: RD, in Switzerland medical, in Austria the rescue) has to help the task, around the clock with medical emergencies all kind - injuries, poisonings and illnesses - rapidly and properly and save lives. Distinctive between:
whereby the special organizations of the mountain or water rescue to the patient after the rescue for further supply to the general emergency service hand over. As international registration number for the emergency service the star was established OF Life.
As European-wide uniform emergency call number the 112 for assistance request of all kinds one agreed upon, which are then passed on if necessary to the competent authority. Beyond that there are further numerous different in Europe national and locally valid emergency call numbers.
There are European-wide standards for example for
Some emergency service organizations are certified also according to European quality management standards (ISO 900x). These organizations guarantee with keeping a certain standard from the material procurement to the treatment of the patient.
There are no EUROPEAN UNION or European-wide guidelines for the adherence to certain auxiliary periods. If necessary there is the recommendation of one auxiliary period between ten and twenty minutes, which may modify the member states independently upward or down.
In Germany the emergency service is after the of the Basic Law land thing and therefore by land laws is regulated. For the execution of the emergency service the countries fall back thereby in different models. The countries surround the tasks again by law on the districts or circle-free cities. Around this task to follow the municipalities themselves place personnel and equipment of the emergency service or operate own emergency service enterprises, and/or transfer these, if available, or assign the emergency service to the full-time forces of their fire-brigade to nonprofit organizations (the most frequent model in Germany) and/or private-economical enterprises.
The earthbound emergency service is noticed on behalf the municipalities through:
The air rescue is fulfilled together to operators of the Rettungshubschrauber as well as hospitals and relief organizations by. The mountain rescue notices the mountain rescue team, the water rescue the German lifesaving company (DLRG), water-been awake in the German red cross, the Freiwillige Seenot-Dienst (FSD) and the worker the Samariter federation (ASB). The distress rescue on north and Baltic Sea guarantees the German society for the rescue of shipwrecked ones (DGzRS).
The task forces are alarmed and coordinated by the responsible in each case rescue directing center.
The financing of reproaching is differently regulated, for patient transport usually arises the health insurance of the patient.
The structures are to be distinguished from the individual-medically aligned patient supply of the emergency service with the mass accumulation by hurt one, which are characterised by the fact that primarily sufficient task forces for the accomplishment of the damage situation locally are not. The medical employment line with such an event is incumbent on the organizational leader emergency service (Orgl/OLRD) and the leading emergency surgeon (LNA). The regular emergency service is supported thereby by aids and aids, who are summarized in record groups (SEG) and if necessary are alarmed. In Germany also community projects under the rescue organizations exist. DLRG and water-been awake place employment divers, who are flown with the helicopter to accident places. Besides there are co-operation between the fire-brigade, those the material and the vehicle (a so mentioned water rescue (GWW)) holds ready and for the water rescue, which places the personnel.
Since many local's groups of the relief organizations or the freiwilligen possess fire-brigades on the country of employment vehicles, this increasingly also as mechanisms of more locally first assistance (roofridge Responder or aid locally) are used, if an emergency in their direct proximity happens. In large cities some occupation fire-brigades are likewise for this purpose used, if the location of a delete vehicle lies more near than that of the next rescue vehicle. They form the link between first assistance and emergency service. They take over the patient supply on emergency-medical level and the bypass of the time up to the arrival of a regular rescue means.
Since beginning of the 90's the psychosocial support of task forces is after extremely loading employments, e.g. Child deaths, and the support of persons concerned after a damage event, e.g. Belonging one after a unsuccessful revival, the task of crisis intervention services (KITS) and the Notfallseelsorge (NFS).
At present there are approx. 47,000 full-time persons employed in the German emergency service. It concerns mostly rescue assistant (vocational training), who places the primary occupation of emergency rescue means. Further qualification degrees are possibly rescue medic, rescue aid and in patient transport medical aids.
In Austria the emergency measures are like the fire-brigade municipality thing and are regulated in Landesgesetzen. Differently than at the fire-brigade it is that the municipalities assign existing emergency service organizations the execution of the emergency service and only financially take part. Therefore the emergency services are usually responsible for several municipalities. Country widely the emergency service is attainable over the emergency call number 144.
Beside employee coworkers civil servants and numerous honorary coworkers are used into the rescue and patient transport.
The most important organizations, which accomplish the emergency service in Austria, are the red cross and the Samariterbund. Beside these two large organizations, which act Austria far, there are still locally differently strongly represented organizations, like the Malteser to emergency service, the Johanniter accident assistance and other one. Also smaller companies like the Greens the cross can have contracts with the municipalities, in order to accomplish the emergency service. In Vienna, where the emergency service is accomplished by the municipality, the other organizations cooperate likewise.
Particularly in the rural area by the organizations both the emergency service and patient transportation are accomplished. Isolated also the roofridge Responder system is used there in co-operation with the fire-brigade and the police.
With special subtasks, as for instance during the emergency surgeon service or the flight rescue, with other institutions one co-operates. The emergency surgeons are usually placed by local hospitals. In the flight rescue with the and private companies one cooperates, which make the helicopters available with the necessary flight crew.
The Austrian mountain emergency service and the Austrian water rescue are independent organizations, which are carried almost exclusively by honorary coworkers. The tasks of the water rescue are taken over partly in addition, by the local rescue organizations. Contrary to Germany there are no independent disaster relief units in Austria, but the appropriate means are reproached by the regular emergency services. The high portion of honorary coworkers in the rescue and patient transportation service makes the mobilization possible of sufficient personnel reserves.
The emergency service in Austria was again organized 2002. With the medic law (sang) between rescue medics and emergency medics one differentiated for the first time. Emergency medics go through more comprehensive training than rescue medics and can - individual so-called "emergency authority" acquire, as for example putting one the peripheral Venenzugangs, the gift of some fewer emergency medicines, as well as endotracheale intubation. These activities explicitly as emergency authority designation because the rule authority the emergency surgeon is reserved, an emergency medic may not only invasive measures seize if an emergency surgeon or is not in time available, as well as no fewer invasiven measures the situation of the patient to improve to be able.
A rescue party consists usually of an emergency medic and a rescue medic (usually begun as drivers). An emergency surgeon team at the emergency surgeon employment vehicle (NEF) consists of an emergency medic and an emergency surgeon. The moreover there is emergency surgeon car (NAW) in some parts of Austria still the system. The crew of a NAW usually consists of at least 2 emergency medics and an emergency surgeon.
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