The economy of the United States is the largest and one world-wide technologically of the national economies with a GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT of $13.049 trillion, developed furthest. As free-market economy the by far largest part of the domestic production is comparatively small affected of private enterprises gained during the government the economic happening. The fiscal policy followed new Deal keynesianischen ideals since that and replaced with it the classical political economy prevailing up to the world economic crisis. Since the presidency of Ronald Reagan and the stronger globalization of the 1990er also neoliberale influences solidified themselves. Since the early 1980ern the United States from the world-wide largest creditor to one of the strongly which were to blame for states with an important deficit on the balance of payments on current account developed.

History

With president Warren G. Hardings "return to the normalness "(English "Return ton of Normalcy") after the First World War experienced the United States one epoch of large prosperity. The Aktienmarket grew from year to year in record height and the economic situation as inviolable was regarded. This faith dissolved however in the course of the world economic crisis very fast. After several attempts failed to set the economic growth in motion by the decrease of national expenditures the newly selected president Franklin D suggested. Roosevelt a number of national growth programs, which admits together as new Deal became. The new initiatives followed the opinions of the Keynesianismus and were inquire-oriented accordingly, created a social safety net and economical investments by means of purposeful national indebtedness. When the United States occurred in the year 1941 the Second World War, the national expenditures and thus the national indebtedness increased again in before unbekantem extent, which entailed the final end of the economic crisis. After the Second World War the United States already experienced like in the Zwanzigern continuous prosperity with a stable annual economic growth into the 1970er. At this time the first well-known occurrence of a stagflation occurred, thus stagnating economic growth with at the same time high inflation. As counter measure the country withdrew under president Richard Nixon from the Bretton Woods system, this could however the further inflation not stop. In the course of the seventies the economic development continued to worsen, so that many foresaw an end of the keynesianischen beginning at the beginning of the 1980er. Ronald Reagan won the presidency election 1980 with the Wahlspruch "government is emergency the solution ton our problem, government is the problem " dt. "the state is not the solution of our problem, the state is not the problem ". Reagan supported the beginning of the offer politics, which caused the congress to it, in the year 1981 taxes, national expenditures and national adjustment to reduce. Although the gross domestic product grew 1982 only by 2%, it increased in the course of the entire term of office of Reagans by 31%. During president of Bill Clinton term of office became larger the GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT again around 38%. For the end of its term of office overall economic production on $9.8 trillion with the smallest unemployment ratio was measured in thirty years. With the blow-out of the Dotcom blister a comparatively mild recession in the year 2000, which national economy has itself however in the meantime again into an economic situation transformed, began. In the near future in particular the high national indebtedness caused by the Iraq war and the large trade deficit are regarded as possible dangers for the further economic growth.

Bases

One the most important basis of the economy of a country are its natural resources. The United States are rich at and fruitful soils and have a moderate climate. A further important basis is the worker potential, which makes goods of natural resources. The number of workers the available and - still more crucially - their productivity help to determine the condition a national economy. The quality of the workers is an important topic.

Private enterprises produce the most goods and services. Nearly two thirds of the total production of the country serve the private consumption. The remaining third is bought by the state and by enterprises. The role of the consumer is actually so large that sometimes the country is called "consumer economy".

Middle class and large concerns

The American national economy has a broad spectrum of enterprise, which reaches from one-man businesses to world-wide largest companies. Less than 500 persons employ 99 per cent of all independent enterprises of the country. According to the U.S. Small Businesses administration (SBA) employ these small businesses 52 per cent all American employees. 39 per cent of the High Tech persons employed work in medium-size enterprises.

In the year 2000 worked 57.1 million coworker in companies with less than 500 coworkers and 56.9 million in the large companies. 40,9 million American worked in enterprises with less than 100 persons employed. Medium-size enterprises are a continuous source of the dynamics for the American economy. In the years 1999 and 2000 they created 2.5 million jobs - three quarters of the new jobs.

Although there are many small and middle enterprises, the large business units in the American economy play a dominant factor role. Large enterprises are generally important for the economy, since they have tendentious more financial resources for the research and the development of new goods. They generally offer also more varied possibilities for employment, a larger job security, higher wages as well as better health insurance and pension achievements. In the United States most large enterprises are organized as finance companies. Many large finance companies have a multiplicity of owners or shareholders. An important company can have one million or more owners, from whom many little than 100 stock shares possess. This broad varying of the property arranged for many Americans a direct portion to some the largest enterprises of the country.

The turnover-strongest enterprises of the USA 2004 in billions US Dollar:

1. Whale Mart 282,222
2. Exxon Mobil 270,764
3. General of engine 193,452
4. Ford 170,839
5. General Electric 152,363
6. Chevron Texaco 142,897
7. Conoco Phillips 118,719
8. IBM 96,503
9. Hewlett-Packard 79,905
10. Home depot 73,094
11. Verizon 71,283
12. McKesson 69,506

Foreign trade

In the period of promoterism state and economics concentrated mainly on the development of the Binnenwirtschaft.

The USA sit down in addition, since at least in the middle 19. Century for the dismantling of trade barriers and the coordination of the world economic system.

1853 and 1854 visited Kommodere Matthew C. Perry on behalf of president Fillmore Japan, with the first attendance with 4 and with the second attendance with 9 ships under it three of at that time world-wide largest warships. Fillmore demanded among other things ports for the trade to open. In January 1854 "a contract over friendship and trade between Japan and the USA was signed "and exchanged, it terminated the time of the national locking of Japan.

The United States were considerably involved in the conclusion of the general tariff and trade agreement (HOLE), an international Kodex for tariff and commercial rules and the North American free trade agreement (NAFTA).

The development of the electronic trade raises a whole set from new questions to the trade. 1998 publication the Ministers of the world trade organization (World Trade Organization) an explanation that countries do not intervene by the edition of tariffs on electronic transmissions in the electronic trade. The United States want to explain that to Internet as the duty-free zone, to ensure the competition on the world-wide telecommunications markets and to introduce a world-wide protection for mental property at digital products.

In course towards decade the export was approximately responsible for a quarter of economic growth. Of the export are more than twelve million jobs dependent - jobs, whose salaries 13 to 18 per cent over the average lie, because the productivity is higher. A third of the surface of American agricultural enterprises - which is about 56 billion dollar conversion - for the export are cultivated.

Regardless of its, the import exceeds the export durably by far. According to data "US of the Census office" amounted the US-American exports in January 2005 to 100,4 billion US Dollar, of it 71.3 billion for goods and 29.6 billion for services. The imported goods added up on 159,1 billion US Dollar, of it 133.5 billion for goods and 25.6 billion for services. The foreign trade deficit amounts to thereby 58.3 billion US Dollar.

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