History

After the end of the Second World War Soviet crew power began to make the propaganda means film again operational. Thus gave to 28. May 1945, three weeks after the signing of the surrender by the German armed forces, the Soviet commander of city of Berlin colonel general Nikolai Erastowitsch Bersarin permission for the opening of theatres and light play places in Berlin. The Soviet film rental business Sojusintorgkino (soot. assigned on 6 June 1945 the order, the film "to Ivan Grosny "(soot. to synchronize dt. Iwan the terrible one) from Sergej iron stone; the German text version and direction took over Wolfgang Staudte. The Afifa (corporation for film production) in Berlin manufactured 1000 color copies of the original negative of the Soviet fairy tale film on 14 June 1945 under Soviet line "the stone flower ". Sojusintorgkino took over belonging cinemas on 4 July 1945 all to the earlier Ufa possession and makes their restarting operation possible.

On 25 August 1945 the central administration for national education under her president Paul Wandel took up the work as an advisory body of the SMAD. Department manager for art and literature (and film) became Herbert people man. To him the cameraman Werner Krien, the Filmszenenbildner Carl Haacker and Willy Schiller, the chemist and Filmtechniker Kurt Maetzig, the actor and production manager Adolf Fischer, the buyer, electrical engineer and Beleuchter Alfred lime tree man and the actor Hans Klering announced themselves, in order to cooperate in the structure of a new film production, and formed a film active.

In order to have full influence on the production from films to, the boss of the SMAD seized 124 all on 30 October 1945 with instruction No. the German Reich in the area of the Soviet zone of occupation (SBZ) of belonging net assets. The film enterprises Ufa, Tobis, Tesch and Afifa are explained in particular as under this instruction falling. These companies were combined into the Sojusintorgkino in Germany, through of the SMAD used trustees administered and were allowed to receive orders of mechanisms, which possess a license of the SMAD only.

On 22 November 1945 hotel Adlon the first consultation of culture functionaries, film-creative and writers took place over the structure of a new film production in the SBZ in the citizen of Berlin. Under the direction of Paul Wandel the members of the film asset met as well as under other Boleslaw bar log, Hans Deppe, Hans Fallada, Werner high tree, Gerhard Lamprecht, Herbert Maisch, Peter Pewas, Wolfgang Staudte, way fount and Friedrich wolf. The former patent and public prosecutor Albert Wilkening the kommissarische line of the Tobis film art AG took over on instruction of the Soviet commander of urban district of Berlin Treptow on 28 November 1945. In January 1946 the film active was registered officially after civil right as a society integrated into the central administration for national education and took its seat in Berlin at the in the former administration rooms of the Ufa, creasing route 38/39. Leader and a production boss Alfred lime tree man, first deputy became and responsible for economics and administration was Karl Hans's miner, Kurt Maetzig was responsible for the Wochenschau, Willy Schiller for technical questions and Hans Klering was contact man the Soviet crew serving places. The department manager for art and literature (and film) in the central administration for national education Herbert people man was responsible for the political and artistic work. Task of the film asset was it to bring "a German film industry within the range of the SBZ into being ". On 19 February 1946 the eye-witness came "for the first time into the cinemas as new Wochenschau ".

To 17. May 1946 became in Potsdam-Babelsberg the German film AG (DEFA) ith Gr. based. The suggestion on the short form DEFA came from Adolf Fischer, the Logo by Hans Klering was sketched. The director/conductor of the office for information of the SBZ, Colonels Sergei Tulpanow, presented the license for "the production of films of all categories "(not for their selling). License carriers were Hans Klering, Alfred lime tree man, Willy Schiller, Karl Hans's miner and Kurt Maetzig. Present also the Soviet culture officer was Alexander Dymschiz.

On 13 August 1946 the entry that took place German film GmbH, with seat in Berlin SW 68, creasing route 38/39, in the trade register in Berlin center. Partners were Alfred lime tree man, Karl Hans's miner and Herbert people man, the capital stock amounted to 20.000 realm Marks (RM). Lime tree man and miner were appointed as a managing director, Klering as the attorney. The legal seat of the enterprise was shifted on 14 June 1947 from Berlin to potsdam. The four Filmateliers of the Tobis Filmkunst GmbH/Tobis syndicate GmbH in Berlin Johannisthal formed however further the production basis of the DEFA.

1947 continued to expand the Soviet authorities their influence. The instruction No. 174 the SMAD from 23 October obligated the Brandenburger federal state government to delivery of the former Ufa area into Potsdam-Babelsberg "for satisfaction of the claims for reparations of the USSR from German possession "". The DEFA was not available the area thereby any longer. Control of the exercised the Soviet technical office for Kinematografie, a mechanism at the advice of the people's commissars of the USSR. Also Soviet corporation Linsa, to whose jurisdiction Kopierwerke and play places, into which from the Soviet Union belonged to occupied areas, took all film enterprises, including rental business, their seat in Potsdam-Babelsberg. Linsa was subordinate to the line of the Soviet corporations (SAY) in Berlin white lake.

The German film GmbH was converted on 11 November 1947 into a Soviet-German corporation, whereby the trade mark remains DEFA. The capital stock of the GmbH is taken over by the SED party enterprise VOB Zentrag, of 20.000 to 10.000.000 RM increased and belonged to 45% to the German and to 55% of the Soviet side. The executive committee of the common society was educated to the general manager von Sojusintorgkino and Sovexport soie the film director Ilja trusting mountain from the former partners the German film GmbH, Herbert people man, Alfred lime tree man and Karl Hans's miner, and from the Soviet side from Alexander cloud stone. The supervisory board consisting of nine members was occupied according to the relationship of the stock shares. On the same day the SED secured itself comprehensive influence on the East German film production: At the central secretariat of the SED a film commission (DEFA commission) was educated. Her among other things Anton field man, Otto Meier, Erich Gniffke, Paul Wandel and Gustav von Wangenheim belonged on. Had to be submitted to the DEFA commission the production planning of the DEFA as well as raw cut and final version of all films for permission. In the special agreement to the articles of association it was fixed that "the personnel policy of the DEFA becomes accomplished [...] in agreement with the responsible department at the central executive committee of the SED "". The shareholders of the DEFA had themselves to obligate to only exercise and adhere "in the context of the partner contract to their instructions their partner function without opposition "irrevocablly "as trustees of the SED ". All questions of fundamental meaning were along-decided of the SED as Treugeberin. Albert Wilkening became as Permanent Representatives a director of the DEFA technical of Alexander cloud stone.

Successor of mountain man in the DEFA executive committee became moulds. Miner worked first as a director/conductor of the department for press and information; starting from 1 December 1948 it led on 9 July 1947 the created German film publishing house, in which the magazines new film world and picture and clay/tone were published. The German film publishing house came up 1952 in the Henschel publishing house.

To 24. March 1948 instructed the central secretariat of the SED the DEFA executive committee to dismiss DEFA general manager Lindemann because of alleged financial manipulations with immediate effect. This put thereupon its function as an acting member of the board that down. Its function as a production boss took over Albert Wilkening. Successor of lime tree man in the DEFA executive committee became Rudolf angel, who was so far a president of the central administration for resettlers. Already on 1 June angel became vice-president of the central administration for national education and delivered his office as a member of the board of the DEFA. Walter Janka, which worked up to then in the central secretariat of the SED, at the same time became member of the DEFA executive committee. On 6 October the central secretariat of the SED decided the DEFA partners Volkmann to recall Lindemann and Maetzig and the SED functionaries Grete Keilson, Alexander deletes and William Meissner as new shareholders to use.

After the return of the rental business rights for own films to the DEFA by Sovexport on 1 November of the DEFA Filmverleih one based.

On 3 December 1948 the DEFA, which already had firm coworker more than 2,000, was registered as common GermanSoviet corporation in the trade register.

The Soviet director Alexander N. Andrijewski took over on 1 February 1949 the post on 18 December the 1948 deceased Ilja trusting mountain as a director/conductor of the DEFA executive committee. On 19 April Falk Harnack, director at the German theatre, successor of Maetzig as an artistic director of the DEFA Studios for features, became after this had asked for its recall. Delete became on 15 June successors of moulds as leader and an attorney of the DEFA Filmvertriebs. On 1 July Sepp Schwab deputy of the director/conductor of the DEFA executive committee Alexander N became. Andrijewski. The operating newspaper "DEFA screen "appeared starting from 1 October. On 1 August 1950 progress film rental business is created and entrusted with the evaluation of the DEFA films. Until today he evaluates the cultural film inheritance world-wide.

In the Vth international Filmfestival in Karlovy Vary (15. to 30 July 1952) participated for the first time, under the direction of Schwab and Harnack, a delegation from the GDR.

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