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Dumping (of English tons, unload dump) designates the sales of goods abroad under manufacturing costs and/or under the price valid on the homeland market of the exporter.

More generally a participant of a market offers a property under cost price (cost price), in order to reduce the portions the competition at the market or to displace her even completely from the market to and to obtain thus even the highest market share. That one takes the economic loss in this case in purchase, in order to obtain thereby positive subsequent effects, e.g. The price as only offerers (monopolist) control and/or to penetrate to be able. One speaks then also of the dumping or penetration price. Dumping leads in each case to a short term reducing of the dumped goods in price and thus to a promotion of the Verbraucherkreises concerned debited to that, which makes the Dumping. Whether the aimed at is successful central or long-term penetration of the self-interests of the financing the Dumping, depends on many factors, among other things on the market tendency, the market flexibility and the consumer behavior. Is the develop and more flexibly a market organized and the larger the chances for the market entrance new, non-monopolyistic offerer is, the smaller is the chance that Dumping can unfold the aimed at harmful effect on a long-term basis.

Of national Dumping one speaks, if this is made possible by a national export promotion. Private-economical Dumping rises from an enterprise strategy. Dumping is possible only if a RH import of the goods is not possible into the country of origin. Dumping is forbidden to the World Trade Organization according to the rules. Since the actual cost structures of an offerer for an outstanding authority are not accessible, for practical reasons (for example in the legal concept the World Trade Organization) Dumping is already accepted if the observed price of an exported property is lower in the export country than the price in the production country. A country damaged demonstrably by Dumping is justified to raise antidumping tariffs.

In transferred the sense one speaks also by Sozialdumping, if lower social standards make it possible to offer goods and services economically. Is from Steuerdumping the speech, if individual areas of a marketing area set its control items for enterprises or private people very deeply or completely without a taxation do, in order to provide a competition advantage. Genuine Sozialdumping is present, if social standards are partially ignored, e.g. in case of of moonlighting outside of the work time by full time persons employed under social security. The favorable end price can be offered only therefore, because the Leistungserbringer surrounds the costs of its desired social security not also on the moonlighting. For radical liberal positions however no Dumping is present, if employees work to the social standards of the homeland in the Zielland, since according to their opinion to the conditions homeland/country of origin is freely selected this work offer and the renouncement of social security. Moderated neoclassical positions record in this connection however that no genuine option is ordered to the employee sent on the part of its employer and the delegation into a country to a remuneration below the productivity is aligned, then at least the transverse subsidization of the employer/the capital side or - theoretically - the forces remained in the homeland (their productivity by the drift of the others by definitionem rises) effectuation.

Frequently the Dumping reproach is raised also without justification, in order to justify commercialpolitical measures or to force foreign offerers to the freiwilligen self-restraint, so for example with the Byrd Amendment.

Also Dumping is frequently accepted, even if smaller prices are quite meaningful due to komparativer cost advantages.

Likewise in the transferred sense one speaks also of Lohndumping, if low wages are paid, in particular if these under the height of the subsistence level or social welfare assistance rate lie.