The is about 340 km a large and little settled valley area at the border between the Lands of the Federal Republic Lower Saxony and Saxonia-Anhalt. The larger Saxonia anhaltische part in the east is since 1990 a nature park. The earlier Sumpfgebiet became in 18. Century on instruction converted from Friedrich the large one by drainage from a nature into a culture landscape. Today the valley with the central land channel and the rivers is everything as well as ear retreat area for rare or of becoming extinct threatened animal and plant types. It consists to a large extent of nature and landscape protection areas. Nearby cities are Oebisfelde and wolf castle.

Situation

The lies in a flat hollow in the extents of approximately 15 x 20 km, which are enclosed by 60 a m-contour. It is an extended section of the Breslau Magdeburg of Bremen Urstromtals. Roughly described expands the valley area of wolf castle before field in the west to in the east and of blocks in the north to Oebisfelde in the south. In the west the of the Vorsfelder Werders borders.

Emergence

Developed the valley in the next to last ice age, for the Saale ice age, before approximately 140,000 years. The of the Urstromtales filled the wide lowers the first with Sanden. Over the development of the during the Weichseleiszeit little is well-known. At the end of the last ice age before approximately 10,000 years the final Bewaldung of the area began. Since due to the situation in the Urstromtal the downward gradient of all and ear is very small, it came to the of the soils and to growing up a Niedermoores with expanded The Versumpfung continued to progress, because the was a natural storage basin for the of all and ear.

Description

The is a Niedermoorlandschaft singular in Germany. Beside that approximately 15 km barn break lain west it is the ecologically most valuable area of upper all all this. It belongs with approximately 260 km to a large extent to Saxonia-Anhalt and with approximately 60 km to the smaller part to Lower Saxony. Since the end of the Second World War the valley area was divided by the German domestic border. In the smaller western part of the Federal Republic the biologically more valuable part of the humid area kept. Here promptly protected areas (with entering prohibited areas) and extensive landscape protection areas were furnished. Up to the German reunification the larger East part of the in the GDR at that time of an intensive use was subject to 1990 by land and pastoral industry.

The today's landscape resulted only from the drainage and cultivation measures in 18. Century. It is coined/shaped by expanded grassland surfaces and refuge forests as well as from a close ditch system, which often with shrubs or wood bewachsen is. Because of 1,725 km of watercourses the area also country of the thousand ditches is called. The long Pappelreihen on the dams is typical along the drainage channels. The original break forest was displaced by fields, meadows and forests and meadows.

In the the Elbe Weser water sheath runs. By the valley flowing and into the Elbe the flowing ear drains eastward, all this affects the valley and drains to the Weser. The humid area represents also a climatic border between east and west. Here between maritime influence and continental impact a piece Eastern Europe held itself. The small and large Giebelmoor with erlen and Birkenbruchwald with the forestry house Giebel (part of Lower Saxony), standing under nature protection, is as the westernmost expansion of the Siberian taiga classified.

Nature

In the with its damp meadows and numerous water surfaces have many of becoming extinct threatened planting and animal species their last retreat area. Danger threatens them however when dropping the ground-water level, because the existing water is derived immediately by the drainage system Vorflut branched out far. In the spring regularly large ranges are flooded, which fall however in the summer drying. Many feuchtigkeitsliebene plants, like the Sumpfdotterblume and the meadow foam herb, need however all year round wetness. The animal world of the is species-rich. Are strongly represented white stork, large curlew, beavers as well as the Fischotter.

Nature park

The Saxonia anhaltische, eastern part of the was proven 1990 on 278 km as nature park. It is divided into three protected zones.

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