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Dangerous materials are chemical materials or material mixtures (preparation), which are classified in the European Union harmonized after their hazard potential. The danger of a material or a preparation is indicated by R and S-sentences as well as Gefahrensymbole (also danger characteristics called).
Danger characteristics are among other things:
Dangerous materials are
| corrosive, if they can destroy living fabrics during contact. Examples: Sulfuric acid, caustic soda solution, discharge cleaner | |
| explosion-dangerously, if they can explode easily. Examples: TNT, Glycerintrinitrat, | |
| fire-promoting, if they support, without being even inflammable, a burn. Examples: Oxygen, oxygen-rich salts such as potassium chlorate, peroxides, Fluor | |
| easy-inflammatory, if they can heat up at ambient temperature from air without energy input and ignite later and their flash point is in liquid condition below 21 "°C. Examples: Acetone, gasoline, ethanol | |
| high-inflammatory, if their boiling point is below 35 "°C and their flash point in liquid condition under 0 "°C. Examples: Hydrogen, Ethin, Diethylether | |
| attractive, if it, without being corrosive - with brief, longer persisting or repeated contact with skin or mucous membrane an inflammation to cause know. Examples: Potassium carbonate, Natriumcarbonat | |
| injurious to health, if they can lead with inhalation, swallowing or admission across the skin to death or cause acute or chronic health damage. Example: Potassium chlorate | |
| malicious, if they can lead in small quantity with the inhalation, swallowing or admission across the skin to death or cause acute or chronic health damage. Example: Methanol, tetrachloromethane | |
| very malicious, if they can lead in very small quantity with inhalation, swallowing or admission across the skin to death or cause acute or chronic health damage. Examples: Heroin, nicotine | |
| environmentally hazardous, if they can change water, soil or air, climate, animals, plants or micro organisms, so that thereby immediately or late environmental damage can be caused. Example: Potassium permanganate |
Within the European Union member states there are European dangerous material guidelines, which are converted by the members into national right. In Germany the dangerous material regulation is the legal basis for the conversion of protection for employee/inside. If dangerous materials are packed and transported on, one speaks of danger goods. Transport on the rail and the road is regulated in Germany by different danger property goods.
In the case of an accident with a dangerous material one also often speaks of a pollutant, whose release or uncontrolled reaction led to a danger property accident.
In Germany that is regulated handling radioactive substances (protection of the employees) in the radiation protection regulation (StrlSchV) (not in the dangerous material regulation).
If possible to harmless materials transfer. Dangerous materials as few as possible use evt. Work areas separate and/or special filters in the withdrawal systems use. If that is not enough, personal protection equipment must be put to the coworkers free of charge at the disposal.
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D» Damage weight» Dangerous material » Dangerous material regulation » Dangerous rivers » Dangerous tensions » Driven the employment place |
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