The Central Reich Security Office (RSHA) was created on 27 September 1939, at the beginning of the Second World War by realm leader SS Heinrich Himmler by pool by state police (Sipo) and security agency (SD). The office represented the central authority, which led all police and safety organs in Germany at present the national socialism as one of 12 principal offices of the SS with approx. 3000 coworkers.

It had its head office in the citizens of Berlin prince Albrecht road 8 (today: Niederkirchnerstrasse in Berlin cross mountain). The area belongs to 2004 to the memorial place topography of the terror developed. A majority of the individual offices and groups of office was over completely Berlin scattered accommodated.

History

With the establishment of the Central Reich Security Office reached from Heinrich the Himmler since 1933 advanced of the National Socialist force apparatus its high point. The competencies of national organs and arrangements of the NSDAP were mixed thereby ever more. Boss of the RSHA, which formed a principal office of the protection relay (SS), was pure hard Heydrich. After this had died at the consequences of an assassination attempt on 4 June 1942, Heinrich Himmler led the RSHA as a boss of the German police first personally. On 30 January 1943 Ernst Kaltenbrunner new boss of the state police and the SD, a close coworker Heydrichs, walter clip mountain, had striven in vain to become successors. After the war Kaltenbrunner in the first war crimes trial was condemned and executed against the main war criminals because of its activity in the RSHA to death.

The RSHA provided in the German Reich and the areas occupied by it for terror, force and destruction. Those the RSHA subordinated SS-Einsatzgruppen committed regular massacres at the elite of the countries concerned, particularly at catholic priests and communist functionaries, after the attack on Poland and later on the Soviet Union at Sinti and Roma and particularly at Jews and started by purposeful hate propaganda Pogrome against the Jewish population. Over 500.000 humans fell these actions to the victim. In the paper IV B 4 of the RSHA organized SS upper tower spell leader Adolf calibration man as synonym of the desk author the bureaucratic part of the "final solution of the Jew question". Also relating to domestic affairs the RSHA had comprehensive authority and did not use above all judicially the not controllable "protective custody" for fight more politically like "rassischer" opponent. The so-called "messages from the realm" supplied detailed reports over the tendency of the intensively spied on population.

The rivalries between the individual offices, in particular between SD and Sipo, quite intended by Hitler, contributed to a radicalization straight of the anti-Jewish policy. Frequently increasingly untenable situation lacked in first without accurate purpose, only generally on the "final solution" furnished Ghettos, to ever more radical measures led tuning between the individual places, so that caused, institutionalized social Dynamiken, like those.

Structure

With decree Himmlers from 27 September 1939 consisted the RSHA as follows starting from 01 October 1939 of the past principal offices Sipo and SD:

• Office I (organization, administration, right): Dr. Werner Best
  • Office administration and right of the principal office Sipo
  • Office I of the principal office SD (without paper I/3)
  • Department of I and IV of the Gestapa

• Office II (opponent research): Dr. Franz Six
  • Department of II/1 (opponent research) and I/3 of the principal office SD

• Office III (German life areas - SD-inland): Dr. Otto Ohlendorf
  • Department of II/3 (German life areas) of the principal office SD

• Office IV (opponent fight - Gestapo): Heinrich Mueller
  • Office political police of the principal office Sipo
  • Department II and III of the Gestapa

• Office V (Kriminalpolizei): Arthur Nebe
  • Reichskriminalpolizeiamt

• Office VI (SD-foreign country): Heinz Jost
  • Office III (foreign intelligence service) principal office SD

After the distribution of business plan from 01 February 1940 placed itself the office II as follows:

Office II (world-descriptive opponent research)

• II A (basic research): Dr. Rudolf Oebsger
  • II A 1 (press): Helmut Mehringer
  • II a2 (library): Waldemar Beyer
  • II A 3 (archives): Dr. Paul Dittel
  • II A 4 (information office): Karl Burmester
  • II A 5 (junction point to the German library Leipzig): Martin Nit

• II B (world-descriptive opponent research)
  • II B 1 (free bricklaying): Hans's judge
  • II B 2 (Judentum): Hans's judge
  • II B 3 (political churches): Albert Hartl
  • II B 4 (marxism): Rolf
  • II B 5 (liberalism): Rolf

• II C (inland problems)
  • II c1 (culture research): Dr. Hans send

• II D (foreign problems)
  • II D 1 (east): Dr. Erich Hengelhaupt
  • II D 2 (southeast): Emil Steudle
  • II D 3 (south): Karl hate
  • II D 4 (France): Andreas Biederbick
  • II D 5 )
  • II D 6 ) Hanke

In the course of 1940 Mueller Six could extract also the range "opponent research". The comprehensive competence of the office I for personnel and organization blew up soon its capacity, so that a division into an office became necessary I (personnel), starting from June 1940 under and major general of the police Bruno distance brook, and office II (organization), starting from summer 1940 under and major general of the police Dr. Hans cam man. The past office II received the nue designation office VII (world-descriptive research and evaluation).

1942 could become generally accepted pure hard Heydrich opposite the boss of the principal office order police (hectar of Orpo), Kurt Daluege, in the fight for further competencies for the RSHA. Thus the competencies of the department II of the hectar Orpo, thus for the passport nature, turned into the foreigner police, the reporting department, military spare nature, nationality nature and emigration nature as well as the department of V with the police administrative law, police meeting right, weapon nature and the Gesundheitspolizei to the RSHA.

In the continuation of the war the Referate of the Gestapo won ever greater importance for the occupied areas. In a renewed reorganization of the RSHA in the spring 1944, so the three following groups of papers were formed:

• IV A (Fachreferate)
• IV B
• IV G (border police)

The Fachreferate was arranged as follows:

• IV A 1 (left and right opposition): Dr. Friedrich Panzinger
• IV a2 (sabotage defense): and Kriminalrat refuge Kopkow
• IV A 3 (counter-espionage): and upper government advice walter Huppenkothen
• IV A 4 (denominations/Jews): Adolf calibration man (in the article to F. Panzinger is called this paper "world-descriptive opponents")
• IV A 5 (special jobs): Rudolf Mildner
• IV A 6 (card index, protective custody, protection service): Dr. Emil Bernd off

• IV B 1 (west and north areas): Humbert Achamer Pifrader
• IV B 2 (east and southeast areas): Kurt Lischka
• IV B 3 (south areas): and Kriminaldirektor Dr. Fritz rank
• IV B 4 (passport and document of identification natures): Ministerialrat Johannes ruffle
• IV B A A (matters of principle of the employment of foreign workers)

• IV G (tariff border control, border inspection)

See also

• SS-ranks
• Defense

Articles in category "Central Reich Security Office"

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