Cumae (Italian Cuma, Greek Kyme) is northwest an antique city in the Italian region Kampanien from Neapel (municipality Bacoli). The name is derived probably from the Greek city Kyme to possibly in addition, from the Greek word "wave "(in allusion to the wavy silhouette of the peninsula, on which the place lies).

Cumae was in 8. Century v. Chr. the first Greek colony on the Italian mainland. It based of Greeks, who came from the island Ischia and from the cities of Chalkis and Eretria on the island From Cumae Dikaiarcheia (Puteoli, Pozzuoli) and Neapolis (Neapel) were created.

Cumae became famous as the place, at which the Sibylle true-said of Cumae, their assumed cave is today a tourist attraction. It lies in an area, to which a 131 meter long course leads, which was struck with many bypasses into the south slope of the castle mountain. The oldest part of this plant originates from that 6. or 5. Century v. Chr.

Beyond that it is the place, where the influential earlyChristian work of the Hirte is to have been inspired by Hermas by visions.

Its bloom time had Cumae between 700 v. Chr. and 500 v. Chr. Under its Tyrannen Aristodemos resisted the city in the years 524 v. Chr. and 504 v. Chr. the Etrusker off, and struck it in the year 474 v. Chr. with the united fleets of Cumae and Syrakus under Hieron I. in the battle of Cumae again.

Around 420 v. Chr. Cumae was conquered by the Samniten and transferred in the consequence oskische customs. Since the end of the first Samnitenkriegs 341 v. Chr. it was controlled by the Roman republic, since 334 v. Chr. Cumae possessed reduced rights as Roman municipium. After Cumae in the Kaiser era had lost its function as port at Puteoli, it became quiet around the city, which was now only as seat of the Sibylle of importance.

Excavations brought on the Akropolis from late 6. Century v. Chr. a Zeustempel (in 5. Century into a Basilika umgewidmet was) to day, as well as underneath the castle a Apollotempel from that 5. Century v. Chr., that at present the Augustus renewed and in 5. Century likewise to a Basilika became. Augustus to owe are also the building eastern of a Amphitheaters of hot springs and, as well as the development of the port of Misenum the city.

Literature

• Amedeo Maiuri: The of the fields. Of the grave of the Vergil up to the cave of Cumae. . expenditure improved 4. Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato, Roma 1968 (leader by the museums and art monuments of Italy, 32).
• Paolo Caputo among other things: Cuma e IL suo Parco Archeologico. Un territorio e le sue testimonianze. Bardi, Roma 1996.

Articles in category "Cumae"

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