The cooperative movement steps 19 as social movement into England and on the European mainland starting from center. Century with new politico-economic objectives up and is to be understood as important solution attempt that social problems, which early capitalism very efficient in the competition raised. Cooperatives in this sense are to be understood thereby economically as "promoting operating managing" (R. Henzler).

Range of the movement

All industries distressed becoming in the arising industrialization seized to new genossenschaftlichen forms of organizational self-help: Farmer (Raiffeisen cooperatives), craftsman and retailer (credit cooperatives, purchasing associations), Wohnungsuchende (co-operative housebuilding societies), workers as a consumer (consumer cooperatives). (Also the "Ritterschaften" of the coming down property aristocracy is remarkable in this connection.)

Their effect was enough already early into the developing workers' movement, in addition, into the trade union movement and the Anarcho syndicalism inside.

Historical binding

Historical-terminologically the cooperative movement - particularly within the German language range - seized on already from the Middle Ages admitted "cooperatives "("Einungen ", "Gilden ") back (e.g. Forestry associations, dyke cooperatives, funeral cooperatives), it differs however from the conventional "jointly "traditional forms in its purpose-rational and theory-supported planning. This modern cooperative movement is not also the first politicoly-economic anti-capitalistic reform movement (e.g. the emergence of the savings bank nature with its non-profit courses two generations lies in front of it). Genossenschaftlich could be bundled all operational functions, like financing, purchase, manufacturing, paragraph, depending upon industry with special emphasis.

Analyses of the cooperative movement (EN)

For the single branches of the cooperative movement ever and ever industry-typical theoreticians and founder worked (e.g. Raiffeisen, Schulze Delitzsch, Huber etc.). Scientifically Otto von Gierke have as a state State of (two-form teachings: Roman-legal "rule" vs. German-legal "cooperative") and Ferdinand sound-sneeze as a sociologist (two normal types: "Community" and "society") already early indicative analyses to this social movement submitted.

Legal development

Legally the cooperative movement in the German Reich obtained the Genossenschaftsgesetz (GenG), in which the forms of the "registered cooperative with unrestricted detention sum" (eGmuH) and/or "with limited detention sum" (eGmbH) were trained, but traditionale cooperatives straight were not included. Also different legals form could be out-arranged cooperative moderate (registered associations, cooperative insurance companies on mutuality, donations).

See

• Comrade
• Cooperative
• Cooperative theory
• Social movement

Articles in category "Cooperative movement"

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