Compulsory schooling one calls the legal obligation for children to visit starting from a certain age a school. This must be converted by the educate-entitled (usually parents). It is not to confound with the education obligation, which plans examinations, however no obligating school attendance.

Compulsory schooling in Germany

In Germany the compulsory schooling is designated not directly in the Basic Law, but - as a sign of the culture sovereignty of the countries - only in the individual national conditions. However the compulsory schooling results indirectly also from the Basic Law. Thus kind 7 exp. 1 stands in: "The entire public education stands under the supervision of the state ", from which after a decision of the Federal Constitutional Court the compulsory schooling results. This can be derived also from the following paragraph (kind 7 exp. 2 Basic Law), which grants the right to parents to determine over the attendance of the religious education. This regulation excludes a free order of parents over the school attendance of its children.

After the compulsory schooling closes up to the completion 18. Lebensjahres the occupation compulsory schooling on. It can be fulfilled in all Lands of the Federal Republic by the participation in a professional training or by a further school attendance (like e.g. the gymnasiale upper stage). The closer details and further alternatives to the descendant of the occupation compulsory schooling differ depending upon Land of the Federal Republic.

For all children, those by 30 June 6. Lebensjahr complete, begins the compulsory schooling on 1 August. In Bavaria the deadline for the first day at school is shifted starting from the school year 2005/2006 to 2010/11 on 31 December. (Having children) upon the request of parents also children can be accepted to the school, those in the time of 1 July until 31 December 6. Lebensjahr complete. (Ability children) the decision meets the school line in this case with consideration of a school physician appraisal. The compulsory schooling begins at the latest with the first day at school.

However also schoolable children, who are not reset yet the physical, mental and mental level of development necessary for the school attendance to have, upon the request of parents under participation of a school physician and schoolpsychological service by the school line for one year by the participation in the instruction of the primary school or the special school, can do. Several Lands of the Federal Republic have the beginning of the full time compulsory schooling in the meantime partly forced, so that also five-year or even still younger children can be entitled to the school attendance, if they are accordingly far developed. A legal claim on a premature first day at school exists so far just as few as a premature first day at school obligation.

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| -! colspan= " 4 " | | - style= " background color: #BBBBBB; "! colspan= " 2" | country! | beginning age! Continuous years | - style= " background color: #eeeeee; " | style= " text align: right " | (1) | Baden-Wuerttemberg | style= " text align: center " | 6 (7 possible, since the school teaching begins clearly later than the school year) | style= " text align: center " | 9 (without conclusion extension on 10 years, "§ 75 German Federal Armed Forces SchG) | - style= " background color: #dddddd; "| style= " text align: right" | (2) | Bavaria | style= " text align: center" | 6 (earlier first day at school possible) | style= " text align: center" | 9 | - style= " background color: #eeeeee; " | style= " text align: right " | (3) | Berlin | style= " text align: center " | 5  | style= " text align: center " | 10 ("§ 42 BerlinerSchulG, left see below) | - style= " background color: #dddddd; "| style= " text align: right" | (4) | Brandenburg | style= " text align: center" | 5-7 | style= " text align: center" | 10 | - style= " background color: #eeeeee; " | style= " text align: right " | (5) | Bremen | style= " text align: center " | 6 | style= " text align: center " | 12 | - style= " background color: #dddddd; "| style= " text align: right" | (6) | Hamburg | style= " text align: center" | 6 (early-first day at school-possible) | style= " text align: center" | 9 (occupation compulsory schooling for two Jahreoder up to 18. Lebensjahr) | - style= " background color: #eeeeee; " | style= " text align: right " | (7) | Hessen | style= " text align: center " | 5-7 ("§ 58 Hess.Schulgesetz) | style= " text align: center " | 9 ("§ 59 Hess.Schulgesetz) | - style= " background color: #dddddd; "| style= " text align: right" | (8) | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | style= " text align: center"  | style= " text align: center" | 9 | - style= " background color: #eeeeee; " | style= " text align: right " | (9) | Lower Saxony | style= " text align: center " | 6 (or 7 "§ 64 (2)) | style= " text align: center " | 12 (or less after "§ 65 (2)) | - style= " background color: #dddddd; "| style= " text align: right" | (10) | North Rhine-Westphalia | style= " text align: center" | 6 | style= " text align: center" | 10 | - style= " background color: #eeeeee; " | style= " text align: right " | (11) | Rhineland-Palatinate | style= " text align: center " | 6 (earlier or later first day at school possible) | style= " text align: center " | 12 | - style= " background color: #dddddd; "| style= " text align: right" | (12) | Saarland | style= " text align: center" | 6/7 (earlier or later first day at school possible) | style= " text align: center" | 9 | - style= " background color: #eeeeee; " | style= " text align: right " | (13) | Saxonia | style= " text align: center " | 6/7 | style= " text align: center " | 9 (Berufsschulpflichtbis to 18. Lebensjahr) | - style= " background color: #dddddd; "| style= " text align: right" | (14) | Saxonia-Anhalt | style= " text align: center"  | style= " text align: center" | 10 (with a completing of only 9 years a occupation-preparing year is obligation) | - style= " background color: #eeeeee; " | style= " text align: right " | (15) | Schleswig-Holstein | style= " text align: center " | 6/7 | style= " text align: center " | 9 | - style= " background color: #dddddd; "| style= " text align: right" | (16) | Thuringia | style= " text align: center" | 6/7 | style= " text align: center" | 9 |} 

Ranges of the compulsory schooling

The compulsory schooling essentially extends to three ranges: Participation, registration and school choice.

• To the range participation belongs the regular participation in instruction as well as in school meetings (if these - e.g. financially - are reasonable). With allday schools this applies also to the afternoon.
• To the range registration belongs that parents are obligated to announce their children under age in a school of their choice. That does not apply in the primary school. An exception of it initiates itself in North-Rhine/Westphalia. The federal state government (CDU/CFDP) wants to grant the right also the primary school to parents freely to select. Pupils of age are for this alone responsible. If it concerns however the registration at a vocational school, is the teacher and/or employer for registration obligates.
• To the range school choice belongs that the schoolable person in a German public school or a Privatschule must be announced. Thus not possible a child e.g. is to be sent on a school of a neighboring country. Special arrangements are however possible and international right (e.g. in view to diplomat children) of it are not affected.

Exceptions and releases

Since parents for the attendance of the school does not stop, coordinates the school administrative boards their procedure increases its children among themselves country widely and handles all releases from the compulsory schooling very restrictive.

• In some Lands of the Federal Republic a release from the compulsory schooling is possible, if an important reason is present and is possible an equivalent promotion.
• It is unclear in the iurisdiction of some Lands of the Federal Republic whether the compulsory schooling extends also to asylum-seeker children.
• In some Lands of the Federal Republic can do in special cases of hardness foreign young people of 14. Lebensjahr on from the compulsory schooling to be released.
• A general release from the compulsory schooling for religious reasons is not possible, probably however a release at important religious holidays.
• A release from individual subjects of instruction actual with exception of the religious education in Germany (regulated in the GG) - only in special exceptional cases possible. So a release can take place from sport instruction, as long as a participation for health reasons is not possible. A release from sport instruction for religious reasons is likewise possible for special reasons.
• The compulsory schooling extends likewise to school travels; Releases for special reasons are however possible.
• For children with handicaps very different special arrangements insist on regional level.

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