The book trade has a special position in the trade. Its main object, the book, is at the same time commodity and cultural property. The bound retail price and the reduced VAT rate (sieve per cent) support that traditionally. It is arranged into two large ranges: the spreading and the manufacturing book trade.

Spreading book trade

• Retail trade (technical "general bookseller's business")
• Book wholesale (technical "wholesaler", "bar assortment", "intermediate book trade", "commission book trade" for books. Other publishing house products have often own wholesale rails, partly (besides) special shops: geographical maps, globes, calendar, hearing books, software, Multimedia, video"Â… Musikalien ("note books" - own wholesale about Grahl and Niklas).

• • to 30.7 per cent Belletristik is spread, i.e. novels (48.6 per cent) and crime film (22.3 per cent). Special books and councellors: 16.4 per cent (in particular from the segment meal and drinking with 19,5 per cent and as soon as hobby, spare time and nature with 16,5 per cent). (2005, Bbl. On-line 22.5.2006)

Book retail trade

• stationary general bookseller's business,

• Dispatch book trade

• Second-hand bookshop.

General bookseller's business

Generally admitted bookshops which sell at final customers and it advise; in addition book departments generally department store. The bookseller "sorts" from all available works his individual selection, contentwise ("art bookshop") or quantitatively (large or small shop surface available, etc.). The Sortimenter (= general bookseller) refers its commodity directly with the publishing house or with the book wholesale, usually from both. With the purchase it receives the so-called bookseller discount. That is taken off from the firm retail price, which in Germany the publishing house determines. The Sortimenter buys with its suppliers usually "firmly", without or on certain conditions also "with return right", specialized jargon "rem eating ion remits", which is bound to certain dates. To the scientific assortment (legal or medical technical book actions for example) technical literature is often also supplied "to commission" or "caused", according to strict agreements with the supplying publishing house. Small and middle shops are often dependent on Non Book departments, usually stationery. Around the often declining book paragraph to set in motion in addition gladly to suitable products will turn out, dte book and dte or particularly manufactured, like the bee Maja to the book made of pasteboard as window picture etc. less and less economically lucratively are for most general booksellers the trade with school books and learning software.

Dispatch book trade

The dispatch book trade increases with more frequently used Internet trade than competition of the general bookseller's business. (Many Sortimenter with have homepage and to dispatch however likewise.) the dispatch book trade sends by post office and offers in catalogs or on-line. Also book clubs (book clubs) and international magazine agencies belong to the dispatch book trade. At the edge to mention specialized dispatch bookshops are, the "LIBRARY suppliers" on the supply of libraries.

The pure on-line trade added 2005 by 13 per cent, on 508 million euro. Also the traditional Versandhandel (without stationary conversions of mixed enterprises and without book clubs) grew after a minus of four per cent in the year 2004: With 523 million euro conversion results for 2005 a plus of 7,2 per cent. Only the technical book trade registered an easy recession in sales. Thus the gross income of the dispatch book trade (without book clubs) amounted in the year 2005 to 1.03 billion euro. The Federal association of the German dispatch booksellers counts particularly within on-line range on a further growth in the coming years. (Stock exchange sheet on-line one, 16.5.2006) "winner within the paragraph channels was 2005 the dispatch book trade. It could increase its conversion by 13,7 per cent on 1.03 billion euro. For it on-line business was responsible, here 2005 estimated 633 million euro was converted, approximately 25 per cent more than 2004. With 54,8 per cent of the conversion the general bookseller's business is still the largest paragraph channel of books, however 2005 only approximately 5.02 billion euro were converted, 0.9 per cent less than still in the year before". (ebenda, 22,5.)

Second-hand bookshop

In the second-hand bookshop in principle the application of fixed prices is missing, i.e. the second hand bookseller determines condition of the work or scarcity value depending upon market situation, which costs it. Second-hand bookshops act always used or old books or remainder copies of titles out of print, with which the publisher waived the price. (It must indicate that in the stock exchange sheet for the German book trade in its own column.) one differentiates between three forms of the second-hand bookshop:

• The scientific second-hand bookshop, which acts primarily scientific books and magazines out of print and important, particularly at scientific libraries, scientists and students.
• The bibliophile second-hand bookshop, which offers old, particularly valuable books and bibliophile expenditures such as handwriting or incunabula.
• Modern trend the second-hand bookshop is most common: Here mainly the remainder editions and books with smaller errors, remained lying with the publishing house, are sold. It is usually its own department in the of the regular general bookseller's business, usually in the input area. There are shops, also specialized, as well as wholesale businesses, which buy up the "junk" etc. irremovable at standard prices with the publishing houses.
• ZVAB and ABE books are today the largest platforms for second-hand bookshops of each direction. Nearly each second hand bookseller places its existence there in the net.

Station bookstall

The station book trade briefly "BB" has a "direct supply status", publishing houses and national selling sends directly, which presupposes the following:

• Sales office on the area of a public (passenger railway station or airport), which opened 365 days in the year for at least 90 hours per week
• Main conversion with products of press
• Press full assortment, at least 1,000 (material up to 6.000 titles)
• recognized rem eating ion processing method; KR-ability, comprehensible goods river + data transparency.

Particularly Special Interest Titel.In Germany go are 86 companies in the federation of German station booksellers (VdBB) also over 400 sales offices at airports and large passenger railway stations on over 340 locations. The "concentration process is in the industry an urgent topic" also here. (Bbl.Online, 3.4.2006).

Manufacturing book trade/publishing trade

The manufacturing book trade, also publishing trade are essentially the book publishing houses: with an extensive contentwise offer (as for example and so mentioned specialized publishing house, those its offer specializes (for instance science, like Wiley VCH). During progressive company formation most are in the meantime Imprints, i.e. they keep usually their name.

The publishing house possesses the rights for production and for the selling of the Buchtitel shifted by it. Either the publishing house gives certain works in order or authors sends unsolicited manuscripts (often "ungedruckte masterpieces"). Lectors examine the many piles or because the personnel expenditure is the highest and the Lektorate far overloaded, they omit it. With the acceptance of a manuscript it comes to the contract with the author, with whom it transfers the right as an author for the duplication, spreading and use against an agreed upon fee to the publishing house. In response obligates to print itself to spread and recruit. (Only a infinitesimal small number can live as an author of book fees). During the production of the book the publishing house does not only specify the Buchtitel, but it determines also the outside organization such as Typografie, cover and Schutzumschlag and sets in addition the bound retail price within the framework the legal book application of fixed prices firmly, to whose observance in Germany all booksellers are obligated. Small parts of the publishing trade are also

• Self publishing house: the author carries alone the production of a work, costs and the merchandising risk.
• Commission publishing house: the selling and partially the production of a work, this takes over however on behalf and on calculation third, for which also the merchandising risk carries.

Few large publishing houses saw with distance most conversion statistic. Those in terms of figures most publishing houses are small publishing houses, defined often also after the number of the new publications per year.

Articles in category "Book trade"

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