Choose language:
| Bulb | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Allium cepa | ||||||||||||
| L. |
The bulb (Allium cepa), also bulb allium, Bolle, kitchen bulb, garden bulb, summer bulb, house bulb or common bulb mentioned, is a two-year cultivated plant from that of the bulb plants (Alliaceae).
The kitchen bulb originates from the steppe areas west and Central Asian area, probably from the area today's Afghanistan. It is one of the oldest cultivated plants of mankind at all and since more as 5000 years than welfare, spice and vegetable plant is already cultivated. With the old Egyptians bulbs were handed to the Gods as Opfergabe, were a kind currency for the workers used with the building of pyramids and way living for the journey in the the other world. Of it the bulb remainders found in the grave of the Tutanchamun witness. Over 4000 years an old sumerische cuneiform script contains data to cucumber and bulb fields and in the Codex Hammurapi of bread and bulb dispatchings for arms was specified.
With the Romans bulbs ranked among the basic food above all the fewer wealthy ones and Roman were it also, "cepula "in Central Europe spread. Here they became one to most common kinds of vegetable, could be missing on no board time at that time and served in the Middle Ages also as Amulett against the plague. For instance starting from that 15. One began century in Holland various to breed in form, color and taste different sorts purposefully.
According to the cultivation method one differentiates between summer bulbs and winter bulbs. Summer bulbs are sown in the early spring and harvested in August or September, whereby in particular later sorts are storable of firm consistency and into the March of the subsequent year. Will sown the somewhat juicier and milder winter bulbs - better said wintering bulbs - in August, mature in the next spring near and can starting from June be harvested, are however only short time storable.
The house bulb is a simple bulb with hose-like sheets, the green parts with some Allium kinds chimneys is called and eaten. Formed in the second year large bloom conditions, which is rhrige shanks bulgy found in the center, arranged at their point form spherically many greenish-white blooms. Contrary to garlic no Brutzwiebeln in the bloom conditions are formed.
Humans must cry when cutting the bulb "", because among other things the enzyme Alliinase the schwefelhaltige amino acid (ISO Alliin), contained present inside the cell, in the cell wall, splits into the attractive Propanthial S oxide, which arrives then by evaporation into the eyes.
The bulb is a very sort-rich cultivated plant; common red Braunschweiger is "with red colouring and "Stuttgart giant "in the German-speaking countries among other things "(white colouring).
In Germany the bulb is particularly cultivated with Frankenthal (Pfalz), Bamberg and Erfurt. It prefers mild or sandigen loam in sunny, warm situation; it prospers best after a well fertilized root crop and stands a liquid manure fertilization.
Into the soil dug up plowed deeply in the autumn carefully or one sows the bulbs in April, rolls or steps the surface with Tretbrettern and places the seedlings later 10 cm, with putting bulb culture 4-5 cm far from each other. In August or September one harvests. The small bulbs (putting bulbs) one puts to have to be harvested in the next spring 4 cm low and to 15 cm far from each other, on which they become larger fast, but early, so that they do not shoot in seeds. To the seed breeding one brings the bulbs in March into a completely flat, strongly fertilized patch and places her to 30-45 cm far from each other. The seed remains three years germable.
Plants get along with different neighbour, those directly adjacent grow differently well:
That is used bulb allium or the actual bulb bulbs is usually chopped finely or into rings cut roughly or roasted eaten or when refining other meals (e.g. Vegetable) They contain a schwefelhaltiges ethereal oil and work thereby attractive on stomach by cooking, vapors or roast from the glykosidischen connections of the bulb of the sugars are set free. The bulb becomes sweet thereby.
Bulb courts: Bulb cake, Bollenfleisch, French bulb soup, Stifado
The bulb contains similarly as the other Allium kinds garlic and bear allium schwefelhaltige connections, which are enzymatically decomposed when cutting up the bulb. With the bulb develop among other things Propanthial S oxides, which cause eye tears. Similar effects on the cardiovascular system become, even if in weaker extent assumes, how they were observed with garlic. So antimicrobial, blood fat values lowering, to blood-sugar-lower blood clotting-restraining and characteristics observed. The bulb possesses however a larger spectrum at secondary materials than garlic, which are responsible among other things also for those depending upon kind of preparing different Geschmacksrichtungen. Roasted bulbs taste dried bulb powder garlic similar, cooked bulbs lie in between geschmacklich. The juice of fresh bulbs is an old house means against cold diseases and coughs. Investigations showed that by fermentierten bulb juice a allergisch caused reaction of the respiratory system can be improved. To what extent this observation is therapeutically usable, is still open. Likewise in the bioassay an effect was found against Osteoporose, what requires however likewise still further clarification. Fresh bulb juice helps with insect bites. On the Hautstelle concerned the freshly halved bulb with the interface is presented downward.
The entire cultivated area in Germany amounts to 7,865 hectars (conditions November 2004).
Bolle, house bulb, kitchen bulb, food bulb
zh-min-nan: Chhang
Index | Privacy | Terms Of Use | Sitemap | Feedback
Printer Friendly Format
Bookmark this page
Back to "Bulb vegetable"
Back to top