Bilhorod Dnistrowskyj (Ukrainian , antique Tyras, byz. Asprokastron and/or Maurokastron, westl. lat. Mauro, Moncastrum, from the Turkish Akkerman, moldav. Bialogrod, slav. Belogorod, Romanian Cetatea Alba) is a city in the Oblast Odessa in the southwest of the Ukraine. Bilhorod Dnistrowskyj is center of the Rajons of the same name and a port at the Dnister lagoon Dnistrowskyj Liman - 18 kilometers from the black sea removes. Bilhorod Dnistrowskyj has 58,400 inhabitants (census 2001 - source: ), And Bessarabien belonged to censuses Odessa to the historical region.

History

In 6. Century v. Chr. in the place of the today's city the colony Tyras of the ionischen city Milet was created, up to 4. Century v. Chr. existed. Tyras lay in the antique region Sarmatia. West continued to settle getische and dakische trunks, which belong to the large group of the Thraker.

The area of the Daker was conquered of Romans in the year the 105 by Trajan, in order to establish its province Dacia there. The city a fleet base of the Roman fleet became later. At the delta of the Dnister (antique Tyras, lat. Dnjestr estuary) the dakisch getische trunk of the Tyragetae lived. The Roman territory did not cover but occupies this area at that time, Roman in the area of the today's city Bilhorod Dnistrowskyj Roman influence. A found Roman inscription proves that the place was a free port at that time.

While the people migration destroys, the city was again developed later by the Genuesen under the name Mauro Castro, afterwards the city a moldauische commercial metropolis and was conquered only 1484 together with Kilia by the Sultan Bayezid II. as last nichtosmanischer black sea port. The inhabitants were deportiert partially after Konstantinopel.

In the year 1812 the area was surrendered in the long term to Russia. The fortress Akkerman was established.

1918 after the revolution were occupied the city by the national self-determination Bessarabiens/Moldavia Romanian, 1940 after the Hitler Stalin pact of Stalin anektiert Soviet, 1941-44 after the assault of Germany on the Soviet Union Romanian and 1944 by the advance of the Red Army again Soviet and became part of the Ukrainian Soviet republic of the USSR. 1991 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the declaration of independence of the Ukraine remained the city in the Oblast Odessa Ukrainian.

Historical names

From 1484 to 1918 and from 1940 to 1941 the city Akkerman was called. 1484 ago, between 1918 and 1940 and from 1941 to 1944 the city Cetatea Alba was called. Between 1944 and 1991 the city carried Belgorod Dnestowski for the Russian names.

Political celebrity received Akkerman by the contract final between Russia and the high gate on 6 October 1826 from Akkerman, whose default had the Russian-Turkish war from 1828 on the part of the gate to the consequence.

Population

1897 lived 28,258 inhabitants in the city, whereby Ukrainer (53.7%), Russian (20.3%) and Jew (19.7%) placed the largest ethnical subpopulations. Under the minorities were among other things Armenian (2.1%), Bulgaren (1.0%), Romanians/Moldawier (0.8%), German (0.8%) and Poland (0.6%).

Related links

• Dacia
• Urban history Tyras
• Urban history Bilhorod Dnistrovskyi

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