By barriers to trade one understands protectionist measures, the free foreign trade and thus the free international competition altogether limits and for it serves the own national economy to protect and thus these in the long run strengthen.

One differentiates:

• of barriers to trade: Direct commercial restrictions such as tariffs, absorptions, export subsidies or contingents (e.g. in the form of different import restrictions).
• of barriers to trade: Indirect commercial restrictions like e.g. foreigner discriminating regulations or standards, bureaucratic regulations or self-restraint agreements.

To establish the world trade organization (World trade Oragnization, briefly World Trade Organization), which a majority of all nations beige-hears, to the goal sat down of diminishing the trade to liberalisieren and thus all barriers to trade around in the long run a condition of a global free trade, which would vouch their opinion after more welfare for all nations. The neoliberale policy the World Trade Organization had the consequence that in the past in particular barriers to trade were strongly diminished, whereby relatively seen the quantity increased states for various reasons in not tariff eras barriers to trade more or less to operate there still on most diverse way tries protectionism. In particular the powerful industrialized countries offend against the World Trade Organization right and operate protectionism, e.g. in the form of farm subsidies (among other things the European Union).

Protectionists answer to the liberal attitude the World Trade Organization that barriers to trade are necessary to the protection and thus for the promotion of the own national economy for an existence under the strong competition pressure of the world market. This is in particular for developing countries importantly, which exhibit usually (almost) fully liberalisierte national economies, itself however due to weak own markets, which is among other things due by its weak industriellen status, to a strategy of the world market integration not state could not, since above all the industrialized countries would make the situation more difficult of the developing countries by various barriers to trade additionally. Former developing countries like e.g. China or the so-called tiger states could strengthen considerably by protectionism the own economy and/or new, not yet competitive branches of industry so far that they are to be called developing countries now or as industrialized countries.

See also: Commercial policy, restraint of trade, Deglobalisierung, Komparative of cost advantages

Articles in category "Barrier to trade"

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