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An airline (English: Airline - air line (literal)) is an enterprise with the business purpose of the acquisition-moderate person and/or Frachtransportes on the airway.
On 16 November 1909 Ferdinand count von Zeppelin in Frankfurt/Main created the first airline of the world: "the DELAG "("German airship travel corporation "), which transported about 34,000 passengers between 1910 and 1913. Further the double-decker started "yellow dog "as the first Postflugzeug from the airport Frankfurt Rebstock to Darmstadt on 10 June 1912.
Further societies followed, and 1913 had already developed a transportation network between Duesseldorf, bathe Oos, Berlin Johannisthal, Gotha, Frankfurt/Main, Hamburg, Dresden and Leipzig. The First World War prevented however the planned connection of European capitals.
After end of war the Royal air Force converted some DH4A-Maschinen to passenger planes and operated the first postwar passenger and - Postverkehr between London and Paris. The French "Lignes Aeriennes Latecoere "took up the flying operation between Toulouse and Barcelona at Christmas 1918, and on 5 February 1919 "the German air shipping company "created a regular passenger traffic between Berlin and Weimar. In the following years many further societies and distances, the French "Compagnie of the Messageries Aeriennes so e.g. developed ", the British "air transport and Travel "as well as the Dutch KLM.
To Frankfurt with the urban "South West German one air traffic-say "a regular Luftverkehrsdienst introduced and with the union of the prominent German air transport companies accomplished on 6 January 1926 "German aero Lloyd AG "and "Junkers air traffic AG "to "German air the Hansa AG "begins the large break-through of civilian air traffic in Germany. The new national air transport company developed very satisfyingly and already one year after its establishment took up "air Hansa "passenger transport in Europe as well as to the Far East and South America.
In the USA the development of civilian aviation had at first not yet so far progressed as in Europe, which itself to 19. May 1927 however to change should, when Charles Lindbergh accomplished the first successful solo transatlantic flight. By this innovative success the American aircraft construction and the there airlines experienced an enormous upswing. 1926 had given it in the USA twelve airlines, were in the year 1928 it already 25. to 1930 undertook American airlines already twice as many flights like all European airlines collected.
Until a few years ago most - often deficit eras - were operated airlines nationally or promoted at least as prestige object nationally. One calls these air carriers also "flag carrier ", since her as it were under the flag of a country fly. In Germany it acted here - up to the made privatisation - around German Lufthansa, in France was it the air France, in Italy the Alitalia, in Viet Nam Viet Nam airlines, in Thailand Thai Airways etc.
Were subjected this flag carrier to the normal requirements of the market due to the being available national funds not compellingly, negative operating results became frequently by generous allowances on the part of the respective governments balanced.
See also: Legacy carrier
By the increasing liberalisation as well as by the appropriate adjustment on the part of authorities and governments are the traditional state lines on the retreat and develop - if they survive the effects of the free market - more and more to private line airlines.
, Also become crew admits, usually operates the charter flight companies against appropriate payment as "a holidays flier "no own airlines, but offers your airplanes and. This can be taken on the one hand by private people and enterprises for individual flights in requirement, on the other hand however is the largest customers tour operators such as TUI, Tjaereborg, Thomas Cook etc., which takes the offer up of charter flight companies durably and establishes thus in the reason own line-similar route networks.
Beside the conventional national and private airlines increasingly cheap airlines (English Low Cost carrier) are established. They serve with priority popular connections in the short and medium range range to particularly favourable prices. The low prices require however strong restrictions concerning service and comfort. Thus there are no ticket reservations, food supply on board partly gives it not or only against surcharge, transfer postings is mostly very expensive and the airports of departure and on lies frequently far off the large line airports. Particularly the use of smaller airports does not save insignificant sums for starting, landing and storage fees for the societies. A special disadvantage for the passengers is the partly bad binding far off to an existing infrastructure, like motorways, train connections or the situation from urban centers of dense development. This is however accepted by many customers, since that outweighs price advantage.
At freight airlines (English cargo carrier) it concerns airlines, which concentrate with particularly air freighters designed for this purpose on the pure freight transport. This market wins due to the growing together global restaurant markets increasingly in meaning. The large advantages of the air-based freight transport, e.g. opposite the sea freight, are far in particular saving of time between production and production proceeds with simultaneous development of markets beyond the manufacturing plants.
The development of the global market leads with the air freight section to growth rates, as they can hardly be achieved within other ranges. This leads also to clearly larger fleets opposite the Passagierflugesellschaften. Thus the fleets of well-known integrators out partly exist such as Federal express, DHL or UPS over 600 airplanes, whereas airline with emphasis more than 300 airplanes operate passenger transport rarely.
Airlines are often not owners of the airplanes compellingly used by them at the same time - also in aviation different possibilities for the financing of expensive capital goods became generally accepted. Frequently aircraft are leased, whereby there are the forms "of the Dry leasing "and "the Wet leasing ". With "the Dry leasing "must place the airline its own on-board crew, with "the Wet leasing "however also on-board personnel is made available. On this - partly very lucrative - in the past years some very large societies were established market. So e.g. GECAS, a daughter general of the Electric company, as well as the ILFC, which excite the attention of the press by partly spectacular airplane order quantities regularly also.
See also: ASRA
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A» Airline» Aerogaviota | C» Code-shed | D» Department |
F» Freight airline | L» List of the airlines | M» Many flier program |
O» Oceanic airlines | R» Reservation class |
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