Aquaculture is concerned with the controlled raising of aquatic, thus in the water present, organisms. These are thus by definition not only fish, but also shells, crustaceans and plants. All in aquaculture produced organisms the allocation to an owner, who preserves and maintains the existence, is common. Thus the aquaculture differs from classical fishing in public waters. On the contrary the aquaculture straight wins by overfishing increasingly in meaning.

With the aquaculture different procedures are to be differentiated:

Classically and on the European mainland at most common aquaculture plants are in flowing or standing waters in the open air (Teichwirtschaft). The attitude in ponds with standing water is typical and attached for fish, which prefer by nature calm waters (e.g. Carp, Schleien, Zander, Hecht). On the other hand become fish, which are adapted to running waters with high oxygen content and low temperatures (e.g. Forelle, Seesaibling, Bachsaibling as well as Saiblingskreuzungen (Native of Alsace), classically in flowed through oblong ponds held (at least three-way water exchange per day). For the seventies the attitude spreads in flow channels (English Runways). Flow channels are artificial brook runs with firm side panels and laminar current of the water to the optimal water exchange.

Aquaculture in the sea is called also Marikultur. It is often based on net enclosures in the free sea or in bays (e.g. Salmon in the Norwegian fjords). It is partly based among other things also on flotation chambers from wood

The world-wide main activities within the field of the aquaculture can be subdivided into three ranges:

• Fish, shell, Shrimpszucht among other things (mast) for food industry
• Setzlingszucht for the pisciculture, for kind preservation or to the trimming of fishing rod waters
• Micro and macro alga breed for the chemical, pharmaceutical and food-technical industry as well as the feed market

The aquaculture and the aquaculture technology is world-wide a strongly growing market; at present approx. 29% of the landings of total fish are covered by products of the aquaculture. In Shrimps farms 2003 more than 1.6 million tons at crustaceans were consulted. Their market value amounted to almost 9 billion USD.

Tried for some decades will to operate so-called closed Kreislaufanlagen in order to become as independent as possible of environmental influences and of the high water consumption. Many plants however again closed because of the cost-intensive water purification and the high energy consumption coupled to it as well as because of stability lacking of the reached water condition.

S.A. fish flour.

Related links

• German-language portal to aquaculture and aquaculture technology

Articles in category "Aquaculture"

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